NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS AND CCNA BASICS

 Module1:     NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS 

Hi, this blog explains you about the networking and also completes the CCNA modules.To study about the networking from its basics and also the CCNA modules follow every module...

The following topics are explained here:
1.Network
2. MAC address
3. IP address
4. Types of cables
5. Switches,hubs ,bridges and routers
6.Types of address
7. Toplogies used in networks
8.Protocol
9. OSI model
10.Encapsulation,Ethernet,Ethernet Frame

1.NETWORK:

Many of us daily listen and mostly used the word network..then what is the meaning of the network???

It is nothing but a group of computers or mobiles or any end devices that are use to exchange the data between them.There are different types of networks .They are:

LAN,WAN,MAN

LAN(Local Area Network):

Here the medium used to connect the devices is cable means the devices that  are connected to the network are uses the cable to share the data between them .And also there are different types of cables are present depends on the requirement we uses the cable these topic is covered in 10th section.It  refers to the minimum number of users because of using the cables means alot of work is required and compared to the other networks we have to work more for these to setup cable, any damages in system etc..

MAN (metropolitan area network) :

Here it uses wireless links either microwave,radio or infrared laser to connect the links between the two LAN  networks.It covers the area of the cities and but in case of lan it covers only buildings.

WAN(wide area network):

Here it is established with leased telecommunication circuits.It mainly done by providing the user an certain address and connecting him globally to the network.Considering the total users, so that the data can  exchanges.Unlike, those types of network it covers the geographical regions.

2. MAC (Media Access  Control):

It is nothing but an address that is allotted to a system or a mobile device.In a simple language,we can say that it is a phone number allotted to a sim.In networking we can say that this is a physical address. NIC-Network Interface Card it is computer circuit card that makes ur computer connect to the network.Every NIC card has the address that refers here as MAC address .The representation of the MAC address is octal and consists of 4 sets...here there are some of the MAC address:

00-15-23-03-24-46 .To identify easy the manufacturer we have some address starting and they are called OUI(Organizationally Unique Identifier).Here they are some lists of some companies mac address OUI:

Nortel: 00-04-DC

Belkin: 00-30-BD

Dell: 00-14-22
Cisco: 00-40-96

If u want ur mac and ip address of ur system then follow the steps :

1.open cmd by typing in start menu.

2.

then ur able to see the window open like this.

3. then type the command "ipconfig /all" (without quotes).

4. you can see the mac address as like this :

the highlighted part in the above image shows the MAC address.

this ends the mac address and remaining are explained in the next post......

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                                                                                  Gujarathi Thrivikram